Laser resurfacing is a facial rejuvenation procedure that employs laser technology to enhance skin appearance and address minor facial imperfections. There are two main types of laser resurfacing:

1. Ablative Laser Resurfacing: This method involves the use of a laser to remove the thin outer layer of skin (epidermis) and heat the underlying skin (dermis). This process stimulates the production of collagen, a protein that enhances skin firmness and texture. As the epidermis heals and regenerates, the treated area becomes smoother and tighter. Ablative laser therapies include carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers, erbium lasers, and combination systems.

2. Non-Ablative Laser or Light Source: This approach also encourages collagen growth but is less aggressive compared to ablative lasers, resulting in a shorter recovery period. However, the results are typically less dramatic. Non-ablative laser options include pulsed-dye lasers, erbium (Er:YAG) lasers, and intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy.

Both of these methods can be administered using fractional lasers, which create microscopic columns of untreated tissue within the treatment area. Fractional lasers were developed to reduce recovery time and minimize the risk of side effects.